–Security Guard, shooting at Lucy, and first stating what may as well be an in-series meme concerning most firearms
This is a listing of the various firearms seen in use in the anime version of the Elfen Lied series. For the most part, the firearms seen in the manga version are much harder to determine with any real accuracy. While they may in fact be identical to those shown in the anime and are certainly the same type, a true determination is impossible. A separate listing below will speak broadly of these.
Weapons are listed here by order of appearance in the episode: images shown are merely the best visual representation in-series and do not necessarily follow this order.
Admin's Note : Any and all debate over the nature of firearms, for or against, is flatly forbidden here. The issue is far too contentious, and in any event can not be settled here. These weapons are a part of the Elfen Lied universe, and most who use them in it have reasons for using them, in situations and with outlooks that render any such debate totally moot.
The sidearm for police officers and S.A.T. forces, most noticeable scene is when Bando, while shipping out to locate "Lucy", threatens one of his squad mates with a stainless steel SIG-Sauer P226. Police officers apprehending Lucy when she was a child are armed with the P226 as well.
Professor Kakuzawa uses a FAMAS G2 in episode 10 to kill the escaped Number 3, stating that while the Diclonius' vectors can block normal bullets such as the MP5 9mm rounds, it can't stop an armor-piercing round such as the 5.56 so easily.
The S.A.T. members arresting Lucy and Aiko Takada in the OVA also have the Minebea P9 which is a Japanese licensed copy of the SIG-Sauer P220 as their weapon of choice..
Chapters 3, 4, 5 - Assault rifles, used by Satou, Bando and Lucy; Grenade on Satou's body, which Bando attempts to explode when Lucy passes by
Chapter 10 - Flashback by Kouta to Bando with an assault rifle
Chapters 15 and 16 - Sniper Rifles, Assault Rifles and Revolvers used by Kurama's team as they rescue Nana and attempt to capture Lucy
Chapters 40, 41, and 42 - Two guns, likely Desert Eagle-types, capable of firing 50-caliber tungsten bullets, used by Bando in his fight against Nana
Chapters 43 and 46 - A powerful handgun, likely the SIG-Sauer P220, used by Chief Kakuzawa to shoot and wound Arakawa, to force her to reveal information about his son's death and press her into his service.
Chapter 59 - Handguns used by SWAT Police responding to a murder call, to kill the Ambush Diclonius when she attacked them during their raid
Chapters 64, 65, 66, 67, and 70 - Soldiers, possibly police, armed with assault rifles, fighting Mariko and being killed by Lucy
Chapter 64 - Harpoon missle that was originally developed as an anti-ship missle in the 60's but later SLAM (Standoff Land Attack Missile) was further developed directly based on the harpoon missle in the 90's.
Chapters 68 and 71 - Assault rifle, used by Kurama while trying to kill Lucy, then later trying to commit suicide in despair over Mariko and the success of Chief Kakuzawa's schemes
Chapter 82 - Automatic and semi-automatic weapons used by soldiers under the command of Nousou and the Agent as they begin the invasion of Maple House; weapons could be H & K MP5's.